θ

\kappa(0)=\frac{2}{a}

Krümmungskreis
Radius

\rho=\frac{a}{2}

r(\theta)=a\,\theta

Ha 2016

a = 2
r(x) = (a * x)
c: r((2 * π))
ende = 3
O: (0, 0)
N: (π, 0)
θ = 13.483185307179598
N' = Rotate(N, θ, O)
α = Angle(N, O, N')
d = Ray(O, N')
b = CurveCartesian((r(t) * cos(t)), (r(t) * sin(t)), t, -1, ende)
M: (0, 1)
e = Circle(M, O)